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Chemistry
Reactions, bonding and organic chemistry on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and molecule structures shared by the community. Study free, or clone into your library.
Carbon's Special Talent Carbon forms four covalent bonds — and it can use those bonds to link to other carbon atoms, over and over, building long chains, branches, and rings. Almost no other element does this so readily. That one property i
Chemistry
Chemistry · L3 · Organic Chemistry: Functional Groups & Naming
Thermochemistry basics: measuring and mapping reaction heat Every chemical reaction absorbs or releases energy, usually as heat. Thermochemistry starts with two simple ideas: we can MEASURE that heat with a thermometer, and we can DRAW it a
Density tells you how tightly packed the matter in an object is — how much mass is squeezed into each unit of volume. A dense object has a lot of mass in a small space.
Stratospheric ozone chemistry and the greenhouse effect Two of the most consequential pieces of atmospheric chemistry are also two of the most casually explained. 'CFCs destroy the ozone layer' and 'CO₂ traps heat' are both true, but both s
Chemistry
Chemistry · L4 · Atmospheric Chemistry — Ozone and the Greenhouse Effect
Transition metal chemistry in solution: colors, amphoterism, and trends Beyond the coordination chemistry of ligands and geometry, transition metals show a set of characteristic descriptive behaviors in aqueous solution: distinctive aqua-io
Chemistry
Chemistry · L4 · Transition metal chemistry in solution: colors, amphoterism, and trends
A white precipitate forms on adding a few drops of NaOH to an unknown cation solution, and it completely redissolves on adding excess NaOH. Which further reagent, added in excess to a fresh sample, would distinguish Zn²⁺ from Al³⁺ or Pb²⁺?
Oxidation and reduction: it's all about electrons Every redox reaction is really two things happening at once: one substance loses electrons, and another substance gains them. Chemists remember the direction with a mnemonic — OIL RIG: The t
Why does linear HDPE pack into a more crystalline, denser solid than branched LDPE, even though both are polyethylene?1 / 7
HDPE's chains are essentially unbranched, so they lie parallel to one another and fold into tightly packed, ordered lamellae. LDPE's frequent short- and long-chain branches stick out sideways and physically block that regular packing, forcing more of the material into disordered amorphous regions — lower crystallinity, lower density.