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Chemistry: explore STEM content (page 36 of 47) · openstem
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Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.
Chemistry
Reactions, bonding and organic chemistry on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and molecule structures shared by the community. Study free, or clone into your library.
Air Is Really There Air is all around you, right now. You cannot see it, but it is a real thing, just like water or wood. You can feel air when the wind blows on your face, and you can trap it inside a balloon. Air is not one single thing —
In cell notation, what does the double line "||" represent?
AA phase boundary between an electrode and its solutionBThe salt bridge (or porous membrane) connecting the two half-cellsCTwo ions coexisting in the same solutionDThe direction of conventional current flow
What happens to electrons when an IONIC bond forms?1 / 9
One atom (a metal) transfers one or more electrons to another atom (a non-metal). Both end up with full outer shells, but now as oppositely charged ions that attract each other electrostatically.
Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen As you saw in the reactivity series, a reactive metal added to an acid fizzes — sometimes fast, sometimes slowly. That fizzing is a real chemical reaction, and it always follows the same pattern: the metal dis
Reaction mechanisms and the rate-determining step The balanced equation for a reaction only shows the starting materials and the final products — it doesn't show HOW they get there. Many reactions don't happen in a single collision at all.
Chemistry
Chemistry · L3 · Reaction Mechanisms and the Rate-Determining Step
Why does a helium-filled balloon float up through the air?
ABecause balloons are always lighter than air, no matter what is insideBBecause the helium inside is packed together more loosely than the air around itCBecause helium is a bright colorDBecause the string pulls it upward
A MOF is a crystalline, porous solid built from metal ions or metal-oxo clusters (nodes) connected by multitopic organic ligands (linkers) into an extended, often highly ordered three-dimensional network, leaving a permanent internal pore system accessible to guest molecules once the pores are evacuated of synthesis solvent.
A Jablonski diagram maps the electronic and vibrational energy levels a molecule can occupy after absorbing a photon, and every pathway back down: fluorescence, intersystem crossing, phosphorescence, and non-radiative decay. Vertical position represents energy; singlet states (S₀, S₁, S₂, …) and triplet states (T₁, T₂, …) are drawn as separate manifolds because they differ in spin multiplicity.
How did Jean-Marie Lehn define supramolecular chemistry, and how does it differ from ordinary molecular chemistry?1 / 8
Lehn described supramolecular chemistry as "chemistry beyond the molecule" — the study of organized entities (supermolecules and assemblies) held together not by covalent bonds but by non-covalent intermolecular forces. Where molecular chemistry is the chemistry of the covalent bond, supramolecular chemistry is the chemistry of molecular recognition, self-assembly, and reversible binding between complementary partners.
What fundamentally distinguishes a redox titration from an acid–base titration?1 / 11
The titrant and analyte react by transferring electrons (a redox reaction), not protons. The endpoint is also detected differently — by a redox-driven colour change rather than a pH indicator.
HDPE and LDPE are both addition polymers of ethene, yet HDPE is rigid and LDPE is flexible. What best explains this difference?
AHDPE chains are cross-linked with sulfur, LDPE chains are notBHDPE has long, straight chains that pack tightly; LDPE has short, branched chains that pack looselyCHDPE is a condensation polymer while LDPE is an addition polymerDHDPE and LDPE are made from different monomers
In everyday terms, what does 'entropy' actually measure?1 / 11
Entropy measures how spread out or disordered energy and matter are. Low entropy means energy or particles are concentrated and orderly; high entropy means they are spread out and jumbled up.