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Chemistry: explore STEM content (page 35 of 47) · openstem
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Chemistry
Reactions, bonding and organic chemistry on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and molecule structures shared by the community. Study free, or clone into your library.
What fundamental distinction separates activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) from abundance-based proteomic methods?
AABPP measures whether an enzyme is catalytically active, while abundance methods measure total protein present regardless of activityBABPP can only be used on purified, isolated proteins, never in cellsCAbundance-based methods always report enzyme activity accuratelyDThere is no meaningful difference between the two approaches
Chemistry
Chemistry · L5 · Chemical Biology & Activity-Based Probes
Beyond a single test A single spot test — one reagent, one observation — can narrow an unknown down, but several common cations look identical after just one step: more than one gives a white precipitate with sodium hydroxide, for instance.
How does instrumental chromatography (HPLC, GC) differ fundamentally from paper or TLC chromatography?1 / 12
There is no visible spot on a stationary surface to measure by eye. Instead, the mobile phase carries the sample through an enclosed column, a detector at the far end registers each compound as it emerges, and the compound is characterized by how long it took to travel through the column — its retention time — rather than by a distance travelled up a plate.
Chemistry
Chemistry · L4 · Instrumental Chromatography — HPLC and GC
Why can EDTA form an unusually stable 1:1 complex with a metal ion compared to a simple monodentate ligand such as NH3?
AEDTA is a much smaller molecule than NH3, so it fits into the metal ion more easilyBEDTA has six donor atoms (2 N, 4 O) that can all coordinate to the same metal ion simultaneously, wrapping around it almost completely (the chelate effect)CEDTA reacts with water before it can bind any metal ion, releasing extra heatDEDTA only binds transition metals, never main-group ions like Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺
Organic reaction mechanisms: nucleophiles, electrophiles, and arrow pushing A reaction mechanism is a step-by-step account of how bonds break and form during a chemical reaction. Each elementary step is represented by curved arrows that sho
Why Do Things Float or Sink? Drop something into water and it will do one of two things: float on top, or sink to the bottom. What decides which one happens? It Is Not Just About Weight A huge metal ship floats, but a tiny pebble sinks. Tha
Ionic and Covalent Bonding Atoms bond because a full outer shell of electrons is more stable than a partly-full one. There are two main ways atoms reach that stability together: by TRANSFERRING electrons (ionic bonding) or by SHARING electr