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Physics: explore STEM content (page 16 of 27) · openstem
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Physics
Mechanics, electromagnetism and quantum on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, plots and sketches shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.
Momentum is a vector Conservation, and why it holds No net external force on the system means total momentum before equals total momentum after. Elastic, inelastic, perfectly inelastic Momentum is conserved in all three. Kinetic energy is w
What distinguishes polarized light from unpolarized light?
APolarized light has a higher frequencyBPolarized light's electric field oscillates in a single fixed plane; unpolarized light's field direction is randomCPolarized light travels faster than unpolarized lightDPolarized light is always monochromatic
Two kinds of energy you can watch Think of a swing pulled back and held. It isn't moving, but it isn't doing nothing either. It's ready to move, like it's holding its breath. The same swap, four ways The wind-up car is worth doing yourself.
What is meant by 'sensitive dependence on initial conditions' (the butterfly effect)?1 / 11
Two trajectories starting arbitrarily close together in phase space diverge exponentially in time, so that after a finite time the systems are effectively uncorrelated. Formally, |δx(t)| ≈ |δx(0)| e^(λt) with λ > 0 (the Lyapunov exponent). This makes long-term prediction impossible even though the governing equations are fully deterministic — the term comes from the notion that a butterfly's wingbeat could, in principle, alter the trajectory of a distant weather system weeks later.
State space and Dirac notation A complete orthonormal basis {|n⟩} obeys the resolution of the identity: Any state can be expanded as |ψ⟩ = Σₙ cₙ|n⟩ with cₙ = ⟨n|ψ⟩, and Σₙ |cₙ|² = 1 (normalisation). Observables and the spectral theorem Obse
Physics
Physics · L5 · Quantum Mechanics: Hilbert Space and the Schrödinger Equation
Friction opposes sliding Static vs kinetic Static friction is the reason a heavy box refuses to budge, then suddenly lurches. You beat the larger static value and the smaller kinetic one takes over. What changes how much friction you get Th
What does a converging (convex) lens do to parallel light rays passing through it, and where do they end up?1 / 9
It refracts the rays inward so that all of them meet at a single point on the far side of the lens — the focal point. The distance from the lens to this point is the focal length, f.
What are the four kinematic equations for constant acceleration?1 / 12
v = v₀ + at; x = x₀ + v₀t + ½at²; v² = v₀² + 2a(x − x₀); x = x₀ + ½(v₀ + v)t. They relate displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time when a is constant.