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Physics: explore STEM content (page 17 of 27) · openstem
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Physics
Mechanics, electromagnetism and quantum on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, plots and sketches shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.
Pull twice as hard, stretch twice as far Hooke's Law, and it holds for most springs as long as you don't overdo it. The spring constant is stiffness Measured in newtons per metre. Bigger k means you need more force per centimetre. Worked: k
Light bends when it changes material Light travels straight through air. Cross into water or glass and it changes speed, and that speed change makes the ray bend. That's refraction. Lenses: refraction on purpose A lens is curved transparent
The shift you have to make Classical mechanics tells you where a particle is. Quantum mechanics tells you the probability of finding it there. That's the whole change, and everything else follows from it. Wave-particle duality de Broglie's
A charged particle sits still inside a strong magnetic field. What magnetic force does it feel?1 / 10
Zero. A magnetic field exerts no force at all on a charge that isn't moving — that's a key difference from the electric force, which pushes on a charge whether it's moving or standing still.
Pressure is force divided by area Spot it around the house Atmospheric pressure On Everest each breath carries far less oxygen, which is why climbers carry bottles. Why ears pop Underwater
What is required to induce a current in a loop of wire?
AAny magnetic field nearby, moving or notBA changing magnetic flux through the loopCA battery connected directly to the loopDThe loop must be made of a magnetic material
It isn't about weight A steel ship weighs as much as hundreds of elephants and floats. A small stone weighs almost nothing by comparison and sinks straight down. What dense means Dense means tightly packed for its size: heavy for how small
As an ambulance drives toward you with its siren blaring, then passes and speeds away, what do you notice about the pitch of the siren?1 / 10
The pitch sounds higher than normal while it approaches, then drops noticeably lower the instant it passes and starts moving away. This is the Doppler effect — the siren's own emitted frequency never changes; only what you hear changes, because of the relative motion between you and the source.
Kinetic energy, then the theorem The work-energy theorem ties that straight to work done: What the sign tells you Worked: pushing a cart from rest 2 kg cart, 10 N net force, 4 m of push. Final speed? Mass, force, distance. That's all it too
Define the four-potential A^μ and give the SI expressions for E and B in terms of φ and A.1 / 8
The scalar potential φ and vector potential A combine into one four-vector. From them: E = −∇φ − ∂A/∂t and B = ∇×A. These are exactly the relations that make F^μν = ∂^μA^ν − ∂^νA^μ reproduce the correct E and B.
Physics
Physics · L5 · Covariant Electrodynamics — Four-Potential, Gauge, and Field Mixing
Define the electromagnetic field tensor F^μν in terms of the four-potential A^μ.1 / 10
F^μν is the antisymmetrized four-gradient of the four-potential A^μ = (φ/c, A). Because it is built from a curl-like operation on A^μ, it is automatically antisymmetric: F^μν = −F^νμ.
A wave pattern formed when two identical waves travel in opposite directions and interfere, creating a pattern that appears to stay in place, alternating between fixed peaks and fixed still points.