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Chemistry: explore STEM content (page 2 of 47) · openstem
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Chemistry
Reactions, bonding and organic chemistry on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and molecule structures shared by the community. Study free, or clone into your library.
Mixtures vs. Solutions When you stir two or more things together without making anything new, you have made a mixture. But not all mixtures look the same. Cookie Dough: A Mixture You Can See Picture chocolate chip cookie dough. You mixed th
What is the ideal gas law, and what does each symbol represent?1 / 11
P = pressure (atm), V = volume (L), n = amount of gas (mol), T = absolute temperature (K), R = the gas constant. It combines Boyle's law (P ∝ 1/V), Charles's law (V ∝ T), and Avogadro's law (V ∝ n) into one relationship — each of those laws is just PV = nRT with two of the four variables held fixed.
Colours Change All Around Us Look closely and you'll spot colour changes everywhere — on nails, fruit, toast, and even leaves. A shiny iron nail left outside slowly turns orange-brown. That colour change is called rust. It happens when iron
Give the formula for the crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) of an octahedral complex in terms of the number of electrons in t2g and eg.1 / 11
n(t2g) and n(eg) are the electron counts in the lower and upper octahedral sets. Each t2g electron is stabilized by 0.4Δo (often written −2/5 Δo) below the barycenter, and each eg electron is destabilized by 0.6Δo (+3/5 Δo) above it — the two sets are weighted so the barycenter (average energy if the five d-orbitals were degenerate) is preserved: 3×(−0.4) + 2×(+0.6) = 0.
Chemistry
Chemistry · L5 · Crystal Field Stabilization Energy
Colorimetry and the Beer-Lambert law Colorimetry determines the concentration of a coloured species by measuring how much light of a chosen wavelength it absorbs. The whole technique rests on one proportionality — the Beer-Lambert law — con
Chemistry
Chemistry · L4 · Colorimetry and the Beer-Lambert law
Six-Electron Carbon: Singlet and Triplet Carbenes A carbene carbon has only six valence electrons — two fewer than a normal tetravalent carbon — with two non-bonding electrons left over. Those two electrons can pair up in a single orbital (
Squeeze It, Heat It: How Gases Respond A trapped gas behaves in very predictable ways when you squeeze it or heat it. Two simple rules — Boyle's Law and Charles's Law — describe almost everything you need for calculations at this level. Boy
Nature's Own pH Indicators You already know that litmus paper and universal indicator change colour to show acid or base. It turns out some plants make their own colour-changing pigments too — no laboratory required. Red Cabbage Juice — A H
Describe the shape of a strong-acid/strong-base titration curve, and state the pH at the equivalence point.1 / 10
The curve starts at a low pH, rises gradually, then shows a very steep, near-vertical jump through the equivalence point, before leveling off at high pH. Because the reaction produces only a neutral salt (e.g. NaCl from HCl + NaOH — neither ion hydrolyses), the equivalence point sits at exactly pH = 7.00 at 25 °C.