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Biology: explore STEM content (page 39 of 50) · openstem

All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Biology Biology groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Biology

Cells, genetics, ecology and physiology on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, sketches and flowcharts shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

Content Groups1

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Flashcards10 cards

What disease was Edward Jenner trying to protect people from in the 1790s?1 / 10

Smallpox — a severe, highly contagious viral disease that killed roughly 1 in 3 people it infected and left many survivors permanently scarred or blind. In 18th-century Europe it killed hundreds of thousands of people every year.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Edward Jenner and the Origin of Vaccination

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Biology · L3 · Edward Jenner and the Origin of Vaccination

Quiz5 questions

Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?

ACerebrumBCerebellumCBrain stemDSpinal cord

Biology

Biology · L2 · Brain and Nerves

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Biology · L2 · Brain and Nerves

Flowchart15 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · How an Animal Signal Travels

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Biology · L2 · How an Animal Signal Travels

Flashcards10 cards

Why do plants need a way to protect themselves?1 / 10

Plants cannot run away from hungry animals or from people who might step on or pick them. Instead, many plants protect themselves by being unpleasant to touch or eat — spiky, stingy, itchy, or bitter — so animals learn to leave them alone.

Biology

Biology · L2 · Meet the Plants That Fight Back

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Biology · L2 · Meet the Plants That Fight Back

Flowchart5 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Adaptations for Survival at a Glance · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · Adaptations for Survival at a Glance · flowchart

Collection4 items

01Biology · L3 · Mendelian Genetics Vocabulary

02Biology · L3 · Punnett Squares and Inheritance Patterns

03Biology · L3 · Genetics and Heredity: Reading a Punnett Square

+1 more

Biology

Biology · L3 · Genetics and Heredity

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Biology · L3 · Genetics and Heredity

Collection5 items

01Biology · L3 · Macronutrients and Energy

02Biology · L3 · Metabolism, BMR, and BMI

03Biology · L3 · Human Nutrition Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L3 · Human Nutrition

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Biology · L3 · Human Nutrition

Flashcards5 cards

What is a producer?1 / 5

A producer is a living thing — usually a plant — that makes its own food using sunlight. Grass, trees, and algae are producers.

Biology

Biology · L2 · Food Chains and Food Webs

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Biology · L2 · Food Chains and Food Webs

Collection2 items

01Biology · L4 · Mendelian Genetics & Heredity

02Biology · L4 · Molecular Biology — DNA, RNA & Protein

Biology

Biology · L4 · Genetics & Inheritance

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Biology · L4 · Genetics & Inheritance

Flowchart9 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · From Stem Cutting to New Plant

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Biology · L2 · From Stem Cutting to New Plant

Plot1 plot · 2 params

Biology

Biology · L5 · Single-Molecule Force-Extension Unfolding Curve

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Biology · L5 · Single-Molecule Force-Extension Unfolding Curve

Collection5 items

01Biology · L3 · Organelle Structure and Function

02Biology · L3 · Membrane Transport and the Cell Cycle

03Biology · L3 · Cell Biology Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L3 · Cell Biology

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Biology · L3 · Cell Biology

MoleculeCC(=O)NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O

Biology

Biology · L5 · N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)

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Biology · L5 · N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)

Flashcards10 cards

What does it mean for an antibody to "mark" an invader?1 / 10

When an antibody sticks to an antigen, it acts like a flag or a tag, showing the rest of the immune system exactly which invader needs to be destroyed.

Biology

Biology · L2 · How Antibodies Mark Invaders for Destruction

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Biology · L2 · How Antibodies Mark Invaders for Destruction

Quiz5 questions

Which part of the brain acts as the body's temperature "thermostat"?

AThe cerebellumBThe hypothalamusCThe pituitary glandDThe medulla oblongata

Biology

Biology · L3 · Homeostasis and Thermoregulation Quiz

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Biology · L3 · Homeostasis and Thermoregulation Quiz

Quiz5 questions

Which chromatin remodeler family is defined by its activity of exchanging canonical H2A–H2B dimers for the H2A.Z variant?

ASWI/SNFBISWICCHDDINO80/SWR1

Biology

Biology · L5 · Advanced Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology

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Biology · L5 · Advanced Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology

Flashcards10 cards

What are osteoblasts, and what is their primary function in bone remodeling?1 / 10

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells derived from mesenchymal stem cells. They synthesize and secrete osteoid (unmineralized collagen-rich matrix) and promote its mineralization with calcium and phosphate as hydroxyapatite. Osteoblasts that become trapped within the matrix they produce differentiate into osteocytes.

Biology

Biology · L4 · Bone Remodeling & Calcium Homeostasis

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Biology · L4 · Bone Remodeling & Calcium Homeostasis

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Tiny Living Things at a Glance · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · Tiny Living Things at a Glance · flowchart

Flashcards5 cards

Describe the lac operon regulatory mechanism in E. coli, including the roles of the repressor, inducer, and catabolite activator protein.1 / 5

The lac operon comprises lacZ, lacY, and lacA under a single promoter. In the absence of lactose the LacI repressor binds the operator (O1, O2, O3 sites) and blocks transcription. Allolactose (the true inducer, formed from lactose by β-galactosidase) binds LacI, causing allosteric release from the operator.

Biology

Biology · L5 · Gene Regulation & Epigenetics

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Biology · L5 · Gene Regulation & Epigenetics

Flashcards9 cards

Explain why a gene tree inferred from a single locus can differ in topology from the true species tree, and name the two principal biological processes responsible.1 / 9

A gene tree traces the ancestry of a single genomic locus, while a species tree traces the branching history of the populations/species themselves; because different loci across the genome can have genuinely different underlying genealogical histories, a single gene tree is not guaranteed to match the species tree topology even when both are estimated without any error.

Biology

Biology · L5 · Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics

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Biology · L5 · Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics

Flowchart5 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · What Is DNA? at a Glance · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · What Is DNA? at a Glance · flowchart

Note~667 words · 3 min

Conservation Biology Conservation biology applies ecological and genetic theory to the practical problem of preventing extinction. Two threads run through the field: quantifying how and why small or declining populations are especially vuln

Biology

Conservation Biology

@openstem

Conservation Biology

Note~61 words · 1 min

What Plants Need Plants are living things. To grow big and strong, a plant needs a few simple things. Take any one away, and the plant cannot grow well.

Biology

Biology · L1 · What Plants Need to Grow

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Biology · L1 · What Plants Need to Grow

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L1 · A Simple Food Chain

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Biology · L1 · A Simple Food Chain

Quiz5 questions

Why is the NMDA receptor described as a molecular coincidence detector in the context of Hebbian synaptic plasticity?

AIt only opens when calcium and sodium ions bind to it simultaneouslyBIt requires both presynaptic glutamate binding and postsynaptic depolarization to relieve its voltage-dependent magnesium blockCIt detects coincident release of glutamate and GABA from the same terminalDIt requires simultaneous ligand binding at both AMPA and NMDA receptor sites

Biology

Biology · L5 · Advanced Neuroscience

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Biology · L5 · Advanced Neuroscience

Quiz4 questions

In a population at Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, allele A has frequency p = 0.6. What is the expected frequency of heterozygotes (Aa)?

A0.36B0.48C0.16D0.24

Biology

Biology · L5 · Population Genetics

@openstem

Biology · L5 · Population Genetics

Collection5 items

01Baby Animals and Their Families

02How Baby Animals Grow and Change

03Biology · L1 · Baby Animals and Growing Up Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L1 · Baby Animals and Growing Up

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Biology · L1 · Baby Animals and Growing Up

Flashcards10 cards

Are plants and animals alive?1 / 10

Yes! Plants and animals are both living things.

Biology

How Plants and Animals Are Alike

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How Plants and Animals Are Alike

Flashcards9 cards

What is a gene pool, and what is an allele frequency?1 / 9

A gene pool is the sum of all alleles at all loci in every individual of a population. An allele frequency is the proportion of one specific allele among all alleles at that locus in the gene pool — a value between 0 and 1 (or 0% and 100%).

Biology

Biology · L4 · Hardy-Weinberg Model

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Biology · L4 · Hardy-Weinberg Model

Flashcards8 cards

What is an 'atmospheric river' or 'flying river' of moisture?1 / 8

It is a long, narrow band of concentrated water vapor moving through the atmosphere, carrying huge volumes of moisture over land — much like a river carries water over the ground, except this river flows through the sky and is fed largely by transpiration and evaporation.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Forests, Flying Rivers, and Regional Rainfall

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Biology · L3 · Forests, Flying Rivers, and Regional Rainfall

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