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All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Biology Biology groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Biology

Cells, genetics, ecology and physiology on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, sketches and flowcharts shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

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Flashcards5 cards

Where does a fish live?1 / 5

A fish lives in water. It breathes through gills and swims with its fins.

Biology

Biology · L1 · Animals and Their Homes

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Biology · L1 · Animals and Their Homes

Quiz5 questions

The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is sigmoidal rather than hyperbolic because:

AHemoglobin has only one oxygen-binding siteBOxygen binding at one subunit increases the oxygen affinity of the remaining subunits (positive cooperativity)CHemoglobin binds carbon dioxide instead of oxygenDOxygen binding decreases the affinity of remaining subunits

Biology

Biology · L4 · Hematology and Blood Physiology Quiz

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Biology · L4 · Hematology and Blood Physiology Quiz

Flowchart15 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Water's Path — and What Happens When It Runs Short

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Biology · L2 · Water's Path — and What Happens When It Runs Short

Note~1228 words · 6 min

Plant Physiology and Hormones Unlike animals, plants cannot move to escape unfavorable conditions or seek out resources, so they rely on a set of chemical messengers — plant hormones — and directional growth responses to adjust their form a

Biology

Biology · L4 · Plant Physiology and Hormones

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Biology · L4 · Plant Physiology and Hormones

Collection3 items

01Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

02Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

03Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

Biology

Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

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Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

Collection5 items

01Biology · L4 · Plant Hormones

02Biology · L4 · Water Transport and Tropisms

03Biology · L4 · Plant Physiology and Hormones

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L4 · Plant Physiology and Hormones

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Biology · L4 · Plant Physiology and Hormones

Flashcards10 cards

Why can your shoulder swing your whole arm in a circle, but your elbow can't?1 / 10

The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint that can move in almost any direction, while the elbow is a hinge joint that only bends and straightens in one direction.

Biology

Biology · L2 · Joints in Everyday Movement

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Biology · L2 · Joints in Everyday Movement

Flowchart9 objects

Biology

Habitats: Homes for Animals · flowchart

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Habitats: Homes for Animals · flowchart

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · Overview of Photosynthesis

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Biology · L3 · Overview of Photosynthesis

Flowchart17 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · Biodiversity Under Threat · flowchart

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Biology · L3 · Biodiversity Under Threat · flowchart

Note~504 words · 3 min

Mass Extinction and the Rise of New Life Species go extinct all the time — old species disappearing as new ones evolve is the normal, ongoing 'background' rate of extinction. A mass extinction is different: it is a sharp spike far above tha

Biology

Biology · L3 · Mass Extinction and the Rise of New Life

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Biology · L3 · Mass Extinction and the Rise of New Life

Flowchart19 objects

Biology

Hair Cell Mechanotransduction

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Hair Cell Mechanotransduction

Flashcards10 cards

What is carrying capacity?1 / 10

The maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely, given the available food, water, space, and other resources. Populations tend to level off near this value rather than growing without limit.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Population and Community Ecology

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Biology · L3 · Population and Community Ecology

Flashcards10 cards

What is an autoimmune disease?1 / 10

An autoimmune disease is a condition in which the immune system fails to recognize some of the body's own healthy cells as "self" and mistakenly attacks them as if they were foreign invaders.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Autoimmune Disease: When the Body Attacks Itself

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Biology · L3 · Autoimmune Disease: When the Body Attacks Itself

Collection5 items

01Biology · L3 · Thigmotropism: How Plants Respond to Touch

02Biology · L3 · Hydrotropism: Roots Growing Toward Water

03Biology · L3 · Thigmotropism and Hydrotropism Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L3 · Plant Tropisms Beyond Light

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Biology · L3 · Plant Tropisms Beyond Light

Note~211 words · 1 min

Baby Animals and Growing Up Baby animals have special names. They need care from their parents to grow up big and strong. Baby Animal Names Growing and Changing Some baby animals look like tiny copies of their parents. A puppy looks like a

Biology

Biology · L1 · Baby Animals and Growing Up

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Biology · L1 · Baby Animals and Growing Up

Flashcards10 cards

How do mechanoreceptors inside the cochlea let you hear?1 / 10

Sound waves make fluid inside the cochlea vibrate, bending tiny hair cells that act as mechanoreceptors. That bending is transduction: it converts mechanical vibration into an electrical signal the auditory nerve carries to the brain.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Receptor Types in Action

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Biology · L3 · Receptor Types in Action

Note~508 words · 3 min

Systems Biology and Network Modeling Systems biology treats cellular behavior as an emergent property of interacting networks — regulatory, signaling, and metabolic — rather than the sum of independently acting components. Quantitative mode

Biology

Biology · L5 · Systems Biology and Network Modeling

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Biology · L5 · Systems Biology and Network Modeling

Collection5 items

01Biology · L1 · Inside a Chicken Egg

02Biology · L1 · Hatching and Growing Up

03Biology · L1 · From Egg to Chick Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L1 · From Egg to Chick

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Biology · L1 · From Egg to Chick

Collection3 items

01Biology · L4 · Promoters, Enhancers, and Transcription Factors

02Biology · L4 · Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation Quiz

03Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation

Biology

Biology · L4 · Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation

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Biology · L4 · Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation

Flashcards10 cards

What is horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and how does it differ from vertical inheritance?1 / 10

HGT is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by parent-to-offspring (vertical) transmission. In bacteria it lets a cell acquire new traits — antibiotic resistance, toxin genes, novel metabolic pathways — in a single generation, without waiting for mutation and selection.

Biology

Biology · L4 · Horizontal Gene Transfer

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Biology · L4 · Horizontal Gene Transfer

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Complete vs. Incomplete Metamorphosis Quiz · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · Complete vs. Incomplete Metamorphosis Quiz · flowchart

Quiz5 questions

In the first transesterification reaction of splicing, what nucleophile attacks the 5' splice site phosphodiester bond?

AThe 3'-hydroxyl of the terminal exon 2 nucleotide.BThe 2'-hydroxyl of the branch-point adenosine within the intron.CA free hydroxide ion from solvent water.DThe 5'-phosphate of the U1 snRNA.

Biology

Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

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Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

Flowchart12 objects

Biology

Biology · L4 · Nervous system: neurons, synapses, and action potentials · flowchart

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Biology · L4 · Nervous system: neurons, synapses, and action potentials · flowchart

Flashcards10 cards

Why do living things need to make new cells at all?1 / 10

Cells divide to help a body grow bigger, to repair damage, and to replace cells that wear out or die. Without new cells, living things could not grow, heal, or keep working properly.

Biology

Biology · L2 · Why Cells Divide

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Biology · L2 · Why Cells Divide

Collection4 items

01Biology · L4 · Patterns and Processes in Biogeography

02Biology · L4 · Biogeography Quiz

03Biogeography

+1 more

Biology

Biology · L4 · Biogeography

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Biology · L4 · Biogeography

Note~830 words · 4 min

Population genetics Population genetics studies how allele and genotype frequencies change within a population over time. Its central tool is the Hardy-Weinberg model, which predicts what those frequencies would look like if no evolutionary

Biology