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Physics: explore STEM content (page 4 of 27) · openstem
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Physics
Mechanics, electromagnetism and quantum on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, plots and sketches shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.
How much heat does a temperature change cost? Specific heat is a material property It's the energy to lift 1 kg by 1°C. Water is the outlier. Worked: heating a pot of water 2 kg of water from 20°C to 80°C. Calorimetry is conservation of ene
Magnetic all by itself A permanent magnet needs no electricity, no wires, no switch. A fridge magnet is one. That's the difference from an electromagnet, which is only magnetic while current flows. Poles That's why a bar magnet grabs paperc
Two consequences of light being transverse Light's electric field oscillates across the direction of travel, not along it. Ask which way it points and you get polarization. Ask what happens when many slits interfere and you get diffraction
State Bernoulli's equation for flow along a streamline.1 / 12
P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant along a streamline, for steady, incompressible, non-viscous flow. It is a statement of energy conservation per unit volume: pressure energy, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy trade off against each other.
Sound bounces, like light Sound is a wave, so it reflects off surfaces. Bounce it off something hard and flat, far enough away, and it comes back as a delayed copy: an echo. It's also why a room full of soft furniture sounds dead while an e
Define mechanical stress and give its SI unit.1 / 8
Stress σ = F/A, the force per unit cross-sectional area applied to a material. SI unit: Pa (pascal, N/m²) — the same unit as pressure, since both describe force distributed over area.
What is n-type doping, and how does it introduce extra carriers?1 / 10
A pentavalent (Group V) impurity such as phosphorus or arsenic substitutes for a host atom (e.g. silicon, Group IV). Four of its five valence electrons form covalent bonds with neighbours; the fifth is only weakly bound to the donor ion, occupying a shallow donor level just below the conduction band edge. At room temperature it is thermally ionised into the conduction band, donating a free electron — the majority carrier in n-type material.
Work has a strict meaning here Everyday "work" means effort. Physics work means a force moved something along the direction of that force. Push with 10 N, move it 2 m: 20 joules of work. The part that catches people out No movement means no