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Environmental: explore STEM content (page 21 of 27) · openstem
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Environmental
Geology, climate and the environment on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, plots and sketches shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.
The Three R's Every day we use lots of materials — paper, plastic, glass, metal. The 'Three R's' are three ways to make less of that turn into rubbish. Where Does Recycling Go? Should I Reduce, Reuse, or Recycle? Before you toss something o
What question does the 'screening' stage of an EIA answer?
AWhether the proposed project requires a full EIA at allBWhat the final mitigation measures should beCWhether the project has already been approvedDThe exact cost of the project
Getting Around Cleanly Every trip we take — to school, to a friend's house, across town — can be made in different ways. Some of those ways release exhaust into the air, and some do not. Choosing a Cleaner Trip None of these choices need to
What does insulation actually do, physically?1 / 8
Insulation slows the conduction of heat through a wall, roof, or floor by trapping pockets of air (or another low-conductivity material) that resist heat flow. In winter that keeps indoor heat from escaping; in summer it keeps outdoor heat from getting in — either way, the heating or cooling system has to work less.
Environmental
Environmental · L2 · Energy Efficiency in Buildings
MVP is the smallest population size estimated to have a specified probability (e.g. 95%) of persisting for a specified period (e.g. 100 years), accounting for demographic, environmental, and genetic stochasticity plus catastrophic events. It is a probabilistic threshold, not a single fixed number — MVP estimates vary by species life history and the risk tolerance chosen.
Environmental
Environmental · L4 · Conservation Biology & Population Viability
What is 'top-of-atmosphere' (TOA) radiance, and why must it be corrected before land-surface analysis?1 / 8
TOA radiance is what a satellite sensor actually measures — surface-reflected sunlight after it has already passed through the atmosphere twice (down and back up), plus atmospheric scattering and emission contributions along the way. Because the atmosphere scatters and absorbs light wavelength-dependently (aerosols, water vapor, ozone), TOA radiance is a distorted version of true surface reflectance and must be corrected before it can be used quantitatively for land-surface science.
The Rossby number is defined as Ro = U/(fL). What does a small Rossby number (Ro ≪ 1) imply about the flow?
ACoriolis forces dominate; geostrophic balance is a good approximation.BInertial forces dominate; the flow is ageostrophic.CViscous forces dominate; the flow is laminar.DThe flow is supersonic and compressible.
What Do Forests Give Us? Forests do far more than look nice. They quietly do jobs that keep the whole planet working. What Is Deforestation? Deforestation happens when large areas of forest are cut down — often to clear space for farms, roa
AThe principle that all people deserve equal protection from environmental hazards, regardless of race or incomeBA law that only applies to national parksCA tax on polluting companiesDA term for lawsuits between two companies over resources
What is a negative externality, and give an environmental example.1 / 8
A negative externality occurs when a market transaction imposes an uncompensated cost on a third party not involved in that transaction. Example: a factory's pollution harms downwind residents' health and downstream water users, but neither the factory nor its customers pay for that harm — it's a cost the market price never reflects, leading to over-production relative to the socially optimal level.