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Chemistry: explore STEM content (page 45 of 47) · openstem

All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Chemistry Chemistry groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Chemistry

Reactions, bonding and organic chemistry on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and molecule structures shared by the community. Study free, or clone into your library.

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Note~634 words · 3 min

A Label That (Mostly) Doesn't Change the Chemistry Isotopes of the same element share essentially identical electronic structure and chemical reactivity, differing mainly in nuclear mass and, for radioisotopes, decay behavior. That near-che

Chemistry

Chemistry · L5 · Isotope Labeling and Tracer Studies

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Chemistry · L5 · Isotope Labeling and Tracer Studies

Note~482 words · 2 min

Why Combine Electrochemistry with Spectroscopy Cyclic voltammetry measures current as a function of potential and, from peak positions and shapes, infers a formal potential, an approximate electron count, and a qualitative sense of reversib

Chemistry

Chemistry · L5 · Spectroelectrochemistry: Watching Electron Transfer Happen

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Chemistry · L5 · Spectroelectrochemistry: Watching Electron Transfer Happen

MoleculeO=C=O

Chemistry

Chemistry · L1 · Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

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Chemistry · L1 · Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

MoleculeCO

Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Methanol

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Chemistry · L3 · Methanol

Flowchart8 objects

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · The oxidation ladder: alcohols → aldehydes/ketones → carboxylic acids · flowchart

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Chemistry · L4 · The oxidation ladder: alcohols → aldehydes/ketones → carboxylic acids · flowchart

Flowchart5 objects

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Lewis Acids and Bases · flowchart

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Chemistry · L4 · Lewis Acids and Bases · flowchart

MoleculeC=C

Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Ethene

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Chemistry · L3 · Ethene

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Metallic Bonding and Why Alloys Are Harder · flowchart

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Chemistry · L3 · Metallic Bonding and Why Alloys Are Harder · flowchart

Flashcards12 cards

What is the Chapman cycle?1 / 12

The four-reaction cycle of UV photolysis and recombination that continuously forms and destroys ozone (O₃) in the stratosphere, maintaining a roughly steady-state ozone concentration long before any human influence existed.

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Atmospheric Chemistry — Ozone and the Greenhouse Effect

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Chemistry · L4 · Atmospheric Chemistry — Ozone and the Greenhouse Effect

Note~542 words · 3 min

Docking: Fast Search, Approximate Scoring Molecular docking solves two problems together for every candidate compound: SEARCH (where and how does the ligand fit into the binding site — its pose) and SCORING (how favorable is that pose energ

Chemistry

Chemistry · L5 · Computational Docking & Drug Design

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Chemistry · L5 · Computational Docking & Drug Design

Flowchart15 objects

Chemistry

Chemistry · L1 · Fizzy Drinks and Dissolved Gas · flowchart

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Chemistry · L1 · Fizzy Drinks and Dissolved Gas · flowchart

Quiz5 questions

How much heat is needed to melt 40 g of ice at 0 °C? Use the latent heat of fusion of ice, L_f = 334 J/g.

A13.36 kJB3.34 kJC133.6 kJD1.336 kJ

Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Specific Latent Heat Quiz

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Chemistry · L3 · Specific Latent Heat Quiz

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L1 · How Bread Dough Rises

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Chemistry · L1 · How Bread Dough Rises

Quiz5 questions

According to Boyle's Law, if you compress a gas to half its original volume at constant temperature, what happens to its pressure?

AIt doublesBIt halvesCIt stays the sameDIt quadruples

Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Gas Laws — 5 Q

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Chemistry · L3 · Gas Laws — 5 Q

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis: quantifying charge, moles of electrons, and mass deposited · flowchart

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Chemistry · L4 · Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis: quantifying charge, moles of electrons, and mass deposited · flowchart

Quiz6 questions

Sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride. What type of bond forms, and why?

ACovalent — both atoms share electrons equallyBIonic — sodium (a metal) transfers an electron to chlorine (a non-metal)CMetallic — both atoms release electrons into a shared seaDNo bond forms — sodium and chlorine repel each other

Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Ionic and Covalent Bonding — 6 Q

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Chemistry · L3 · Ionic and Covalent Bonding — 6 Q

Quiz6 questions

Which four groups are bonded to the alpha carbon of a generic amino acid?

ATwo amino groups and two carboxylic acid groupsBAn amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydrogen, and an R groupCA hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, a hydrogen, and an R groupDAn amino group, a phosphate group, a hydrogen, and an R group

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Biochemistry Basics — 6 Q

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Chemistry · L4 · Biochemistry Basics — 6 Q

Note~807 words · 4 min

The Boltzmann Distribution In a system at thermal equilibrium, molecules are distributed over their available energy states according to the Boltzmann distribution: the ratio of populations in two states depends only on their energy gap and

Chemistry

Chemistry · L5 · Statistical Thermodynamics: Boltzmann Distribution, Partition Functions & Entropy

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Chemistry · L5 · Statistical Thermodynamics: Boltzmann Distribution, Partition Functions & Entropy

Flashcards11 cards

What is a polyprotic acid, and what are the three ionisation steps of phosphoric acid, H₃PO₄?1 / 11

A polyprotic acid can donate more than one proton per molecule, but only one at a time. H₃PO₄ ionises in three steps: H₃PO₄ ⇌ H⁺ + H₂PO₄⁻ (Ka1), H₂PO₄⁻ ⇌ H⁺ + HPO₄²⁻ (Ka2), HPO₄²⁻ ⇌ H⁺ + PO₄³⁻ (Ka3). Each step removes a proton from the species produced by the previous step, not from the original acid directly.

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Polyprotic Acids

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Chemistry · L4 · Polyprotic Acids

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L2 · Alloys — Pure Iron vs Steel

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Chemistry · L2 · Alloys — Pure Iron vs Steel

Note~586 words · 3 min

Retention Factor: Putting a Number on Chromatography Earlier you saw that dyes spread out on wet paper because they travel at different speeds — some further, some barely at all. The retention factor, Rf, turns that qualitative spreading in

Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Chromatography and Rf Values

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Chemistry · L3 · Chromatography and Rf Values

Quiz6 questions

What does photosynthesis produce?

ACarbon dioxide and waterBGlucose and oxygenCNitrogen and waterDSoot and smoke

Chemistry

Chemistry · L2 · The Carbon Cycle

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Chemistry · L2 · The Carbon Cycle

Note~1056 words · 5 min

Addition and elimination mechanisms Alkenes and alkyl halides sit at opposite ends of the same reaction: an alkyl halide can be built by ADDING H–X across a double bond, and an alkene can be recovered by ELIMINATING H–X from an alkyl halide

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Addition and Elimination Mechanisms

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Chemistry · L4 · Addition and Elimination Mechanisms

Quiz6 questions

What is the core assumption behind the steady-state approximation?

AThe intermediate's concentration is exactly zero at all timesBThe intermediate's rate of formation is approximately equal to its rate of consumption, so d[intermediate]/dt ≈ 0CEvery elementary step in the mechanism proceeds at exactly the same rateDThe overall reaction has reached true thermodynamic equilibrium

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · The Steady-State Approximation — 6 Q

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Chemistry · L4 · The Steady-State Approximation — 6 Q

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L3 · Intermolecular Forces · flowchart

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Chemistry · L3 · Intermolecular Forces · flowchart

Flowchart11 objects

Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Instrumental Chromatography — HPLC and GC · flowchart

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Chemistry · L4 · Instrumental Chromatography — HPLC and GC · flowchart

Flowchart15 objects

Chemistry

Chemistry · L5 · Bioorthogonal Labeling Workflow with CuAAC

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Chemistry · L5 · Bioorthogonal Labeling Workflow with CuAAC

Note~329 words · 2 min

From Dissolved to Solid Again You already know that salt and sugar seem to disappear when you stir them into water. They dissolve — the tiny pieces spread out through the water so you can't see them anymore. But if you leave that salty or s

Chemistry

Chemistry · L1 · Growing Crystals at Home

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Chemistry · L1 · Growing Crystals at Home

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L1 · Salt on Icy Roads

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Chemistry · L1 · Salt on Icy Roads

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Chemistry

Chemistry · L4 · Steady-State Approximation vs the Rate-Determining-Step Shortcut

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Chemistry · L4 · Steady-State Approximation vs the Rate-Determining-Step Shortcut

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