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All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Physics Physics groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Physics

Mechanics, electromagnetism and quantum on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, plots and sketches shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

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Physics: explore STEM content (page 9 of 27) · openstem

Flashcards10 cards

List the four steps of the Carnot cycle in order.1 / 10

1) Isothermal expansion at T_h, absorbing Q_h. 2) Adiabatic expansion, T falls from T_h to T_c (Q = 0). 3) Isothermal compression at T_c, rejecting Q_c. 4) Adiabatic compression, T rises back from T_c to T_h (Q = 0), returning the gas to its starting state.

Physics

Physics · L4 · Entropy & Heat Engines — Carnot Efficiency & Refrigerators

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Physics · L4 · Entropy & Heat Engines — Carnot Efficiency & Refrigerators

Collection1 items

01Physics · L4 · Electrostatics — Charge, Field & Potential

Physics

Physics · L4 · Electromagnetism

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Physics · L4 · Electromagnetism

Flashcards8 cards

What is a Poincaré section, and why is it a useful tool for analyzing chaotic flows?1 / 8

A Poincaré section reduces a continuous flow in an n-dimensional phase space to a discrete map on an (n−1)-dimensional surface, by recording the state each time the trajectory crosses a chosen surface transversally (e.g. z = z₀ with ż > 0). A periodic orbit becomes a single fixed point (or finite set of points) on the section; a strange attractor appears as a self-similar fractal pattern of points. It converts an intractable continuous problem into a discrete map that is far easier to visualize and analyze.

Physics

Physics · L5 · Chaos: Routes, Measures & Applications

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Physics · L5 · Chaos: Routes, Measures & Applications

Quiz6 questions

Newton's Third Law states that action-reaction force pairs always act on...

AThe same objectBTwo different objectsCOnly objects that are touchingDOnly massive objects like planets

Physics

Physics · L3 · Newton's Third Law

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Physics · L3 · Newton's Third Law

Flowchart9 objects

Physics

Physics · L1 · Where Light Comes From · flowchart

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Physics · L1 · Where Light Comes From · flowchart

Quiz7 questions

Doubling the thickness of an insulating wall, all else equal, does what to the conductive heat-loss rate?

ADoubles itBHalves itCLeaves it unchangedDQuadruples it

Physics

Physics · L4 · Heat Transfer — 7 Q

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Physics · L4 · Heat Transfer — 7 Q

Flowchart5 objects

Physics

Physics · L4 · Rotational Dynamics, Torque & Angular Momentum · flowchart

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Physics · L4 · Rotational Dynamics, Torque & Angular Momentum · flowchart

Collection4 items

01Physics · L1 · Floating & Density

02Physics · L1 · Floating & Density

03Physics · L1 · Why a Metal Boat Floats

+1 more

Physics

Physics · L1 · Floating & Density

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Physics · L1 · Floating & Density

Note~488 words · 2 min

The whole particle content Two families of spin-½ matter fermions, three generations each, plus the bosons that carry the forces. Only the first generation makes up anything you'll ever hold. Quarks and confinement Pull two quarks apart and

Physics

Physics · L5 · The Standard Model: Fermions, Bosons, and Hadrons

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Physics · L5 · The Standard Model: Fermions, Bosons, and Hadrons

Flashcards10 cards

What is the wave equation relating speed, frequency, and wavelength?1 / 10

v = fλ. Speed v is a property of the medium (not frequency). In vacuum, electromagnetic waves travel at c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s. Angular frequency ω = 2πf; wave number k = 2π/λ; then v = ω/k.

Physics

Physics · L4 · Waves & Optics — Core Concepts

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Physics · L4 · Waves & Optics — Core Concepts

Flowchart11 objects

Physics

Physics · L1 · Static Electricity: Balloons & Hair · flowchart

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Physics · L1 · Static Electricity: Balloons & Hair · flowchart

Collection8 items

01Physics · L2 · Speed: Distance and Time

02Physics · L2 · Energy Forms

03Physics · L2 · Simple Machines

+5 more

Physics

Physics · L2 · Energy & Motion

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Physics · L2 · Energy & Motion

Note~394 words · 2 min

Two shapes, two behaviours A lens is curved transparent material that bends light on purpose. The curvature means rays hitting different parts get bent by different amounts, and that's what forms an image instead of just letting light throu

Physics

Physics · L3 · Lenses & Optical Instruments

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Physics · L3 · Lenses & Optical Instruments

Quiz6 questions

A device draws 4 A of current at 100 V. What is its power?

A25 WB104 WC400 WD40 W

Physics

Physics · L2 · Electrical Power & Energy

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Physics · L2 · Electrical Power & Energy

Note~325 words · 2 min

Motion that repeats Periodic motion is any motion that repeats the same pattern over and over. A swinging pendulum is the classic, but a bouncing ball, a rocking chair and a heartbeat all qualify. Note the cycle isn't over at the far side.

Physics

Physics · L2 · Pendulums & Periodic Motion

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Physics · L2 · Pendulums & Periodic Motion

Flowchart19 objects

Physics

Physics · L3 · Finding the Centripetal Force in Different Scenarios

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Physics · L3 · Finding the Centripetal Force in Different Scenarios

Flashcards7 cards

Light travels from air (n = 1.00) into glass (n = 1.50) at an incidence angle of 30°. Set up Snell's law for this.1 / 7

1.00 · sin(30°) = 1.50 · sinθ₂, so sinθ₂ = (1.00 × 0.50) / 1.50 = 0.333, giving θ₂ ≈ 19.5°.

Physics

Physics · L3 · Snell's Law Practice

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Physics · L3 · Snell's Law Practice

Flowchart10 objects

Physics

Physics · L2 · Static Electricity · flowchart

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Physics · L2 · Static Electricity · flowchart

Flashcards8 cards

Write the wave equation Maxwell's equations produce for the electric field in vacuum.1 / 8

∂²E/∂x² = μ₀ε₀ ∂²E/∂t², a standard 1D wave equation with solution speed v = 1/√(μ₀ε₀) = c. An identical equation holds for B. Any function of the form f(x − ct) or f(x + ct) satisfies it.

Physics

Physics · L4 · Maxwell's Equations — EM Wave Properties

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Physics · L4 · Maxwell's Equations — EM Wave Properties

Collection4 items

01Physics · L2 · Mechanical Advantage: Levers & Pulleys

02Physics · L2 · Mechanical Advantage: Levers & Pulleys

03Physics · L2 · Finding a Lever's Mechanical Advantage

+1 more

Physics

Physics · L2 · Mechanical Advantage: Levers & Pulleys

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Physics · L2 · Mechanical Advantage: Levers & Pulleys

Flashcards10 cards

Where on a bar magnet is the pull strongest?1 / 10

At the two ends, called the poles. The middle of the magnet barely pulls at all.

Physics

Physics · L1 · Magnets: A Closer Look

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Physics · L1 · Magnets: A Closer Look

Plot1 plot · 1 param

Physics

Physics · L2 · Distance–Time Graph (Steady Speed)

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Physics · L2 · Distance–Time Graph (Steady Speed)

Flashcards7 cards

What defines a plasma as a distinct state of matter, beyond simply being an ionised gas?1 / 7

A plasma is a quasi-neutral ionised gas exhibiting collective behaviour — charged particles interact with the self-consistent electromagnetic fields generated by the whole ensemble, not just via individual nearby collisions. This collective, long-range electromagnetic coupling is what distinguishes plasma dynamics from an ordinary neutral gas.

Physics

Physics · L5 · Plasma Physics — Debye Shielding & Plasma Oscillations

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Physics · L5 · Plasma Physics — Debye Shielding & Plasma Oscillations

Flowchart11 objects

Physics

Physics · L3 · Reflect, Refract, or Totally Internally Reflect?

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Physics · L3 · Reflect, Refract, or Totally Internally Reflect?

Note~371 words · 2 min

Four equations, one prediction nobody asked for Maxwell gathered everything known about electricity and magnetism into four statements, fixed an inconsistency in one of them, and out fell a wave travelling at the speed of light. 1. Gauss's

Physics

Physics · L4 · Maxwell's Equations & Electromagnetic Waves

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Physics · L4 · Maxwell's Equations & Electromagnetic Waves

Flashcards10 cards

Define binding energy per nucleon and what it measures.1 / 10

BE/A = [Zmₚ + Nmₙ − M(nucleus)]c² / A — the average energy needed to remove one nucleon from the nucleus. Higher BE/A means a more tightly bound, more stable nucleus.

Physics

Physics · L4 · Nuclear Physics

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Physics · L4 · Nuclear Physics

Flowchart5 objects

Physics

Physics · L2 · Permanent Magnets & Field Lines · flowchart

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Physics · L2 · Permanent Magnets & Field Lines · flowchart

Note~234 words · 1 min

Torque is a twist A force applied off-centre from a pivot doesn't just push, it turns. Doors, wrenches and see-saws all run on this. Three dials, all of them matter Worked: 150 N on a wrench 0.25 m from the bolt. Rotational equilibrium Work

Physics