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All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Biology Biology groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Biology

Cells, genetics, ecology and physiology on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, sketches and flowcharts shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

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Biology: explore STEM content (page 23 of 50) · openstem

Flashcards9 cards

What is genetic drift, and why is it stronger in small populations?1 / 9

Genetic drift is random change in allele frequency from generation to generation due to chance sampling of which individuals happen to survive and reproduce. In small populations, chance sampling error has a proportionally larger effect on allele frequencies — a few random deaths can shift frequencies noticeably — whereas in large populations random fluctuations tend to average out.

Biology

Biology · L4 · Forces That Change Allele Frequencies

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Biology · L4 · Forces That Change Allele Frequencies

Collection5 items

01Biology · L3 · Genetic Disorders Vocabulary

02Biology · L3 · Sickle Cell Anemia, Cystic Fibrosis, and Down Syndrome

03Biology · L3 · Genetic Disorders Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L3 · Genetic Disorders

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Biology · L3 · Genetic Disorders

Note~1263 words · 6 min

Biotechnology and recombinant DNA technology Biotechnology uses living cells and their molecular machinery to solve practical problems — manufacturing medicines, diagnosing disease, improving crops, and correcting genetic disorders. Nearly

Biology

Biology · L4 · Biotechnology and recombinant DNA technology

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Biology · L4 · Biotechnology and recombinant DNA technology

Flowchart12 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Why Both Systems Must Speed Up Together

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Biology · L2 · Why Both Systems Must Speed Up Together

Quiz5 questions

What do all pets and farm animals need to stay healthy?

AFood and water onlyBFood, water, shelter, and kind careCJust a warm homeDToys only

Biology

Biology · L1 · Caring for Pets and Farm Animals Quiz

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Biology · L1 · Caring for Pets and Farm Animals Quiz

Note~284 words · 1 min

Animal Teeth: Shapes Show What They Eat Teeth are tools. Just like a fork and a knife do different jobs, different tooth shapes do different jobs. If you look closely at an animal's teeth, you can often guess what it likes to eat. Flat Teet

Biology

Animal Teeth: Shapes Show What They Eat

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Animal Teeth: Shapes Show What They Eat

Collection4 items

01Biology · L5 · Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry

02Biology · L5 · Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry

03Biology · L5 · Bottom-Up Proteomics Workflow

+1 more

Biology

Biology · L5 · Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry

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Biology · L5 · Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry

Quiz5 questions

What distinguishes magnetic tweezers from optical tweezers in terms of a unique manipulation capability?

AMagnetic tweezers can apply torque by rotating the magnetic field, enabling direct study of DNA supercoiling and torsional motor protein mechanics, a capability optical tweezers do not straightforwardly provide.BOnly optical tweezers can apply any force to a tethered molecule at all.CMagnetic tweezers cannot hold a constant force over any timescale.DMagnetic tweezers require no bead of any kind to function.

Biology

Biology · L5 · Biophysics and Single-Molecule Methods

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Biology · L5 · Biophysics and Single-Molecule Methods

Collection5 items

01Biology · L3 · The Four Macromolecules

02Biology · L3 · Enzymes and Enzyme Activity

03Biology · L3 · Biochemistry Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L3 · Biochemistry

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Biology · L3 · Biochemistry

Flashcards8 cards

Match each invertebrate group to its defining feature.1 / 8

Biology

Biology · L2 · Comparing Invertebrate Features

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Biology · L2 · Comparing Invertebrate Features

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L1 · Animal Camouflage: Hiding in Plain Sight · flowchart

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Biology · L1 · Animal Camouflage: Hiding in Plain Sight · flowchart

Note~1122 words · 6 min

Endocrine physiology: hormone signalling and the pituitary axes The endocrine system coordinates body-wide physiology through chemical messengers released into the blood. How a hormone acts on its target cell is set almost entirely by one p

Biology

Biology · L4 · Endocrine physiology — hormone signalling and the pituitary axes

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Biology · L4 · Endocrine physiology — hormone signalling and the pituitary axes

Flashcards10 cards

What is puberty?1 / 10

Puberty is the stage of life when a child's body gradually changes into an adult body. It includes growing taller, developing new physical features, and the reproductive system maturing so that it becomes capable of reproduction later in life.

Biology

Biology · L2 · Puberty and Growing Up

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Biology · L2 · Puberty and Growing Up

Note~500 words · 3 min

The Human Microbiome The human body hosts trillions of microorganisms, concentrated overwhelmingly in the gut, whose collective genome — the microbiome — encodes far more metabolic capability than the human genome alone. Rather than a passi

Biology

The Human Microbiome

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The Human Microbiome

Flashcards10 cards

What happens during fertilization at the molecular level?1 / 10

A sperm binds species-specific receptors on the egg's outer coat (the zona pellucida in mammals), triggering the acrosome reaction — release of hydrolytic enzymes that let the sperm penetrate to the egg plasma membrane. Sperm-egg membrane fusion triggers a rise in intracellular Ca2+ in the egg (the cortical reaction), which causes cortical granules to release their contents and modify the zona pellucida, blocking additional sperm from binding (the block to polyspermy). Fusion of the haploid sperm and egg nuclei restores the diploid chromosome number and activates the egg to begin development.

Biology

Biology · L4 · Early Embryonic Development

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Biology · L4 · Early Embryonic Development

Flashcards10 cards

What does it mean for an animal to blend in?1 / 10

Blending in means an animal's color or shape matches the place it lives, so it is hard to see.

Biology

Biology · L1 · Types of Camouflage

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Biology · L1 · Types of Camouflage

Flowchart13 objects

Biology

Biology · L5 · Synaptic Plasticity and Neurodegeneration · flowchart

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Biology · L5 · Synaptic Plasticity and Neurodegeneration · flowchart

Flashcards10 cards

What does "warm-blooded" mean?1 / 10

A warm-blooded animal makes its own body heat inside its body, so it stays about the same warm temperature all the time.

Biology

Biology · L1 · Warm-Blooded Animals

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Biology · L1 · Warm-Blooded Animals

Flowchart11 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · Path of Digestion

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Biology · L3 · Path of Digestion

Flowchart8 objects

Biology

Biology · L1 · A Butterfly's Life Cycle

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Biology · L1 · A Butterfly's Life Cycle

Flowchart17 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · The Three Levels of Biodiversity

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Biology · L3 · The Three Levels of Biodiversity

Quiz5 questions

A forest can support at most about 200 deer given its food and water supply. This maximum sustainable population size is known as the forest's:

ALimiting factorBCarrying capacityCTrophic levelDBiotic potential

Biology

Biology · L3 · Ecology and Ecosystems Quiz

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Biology · L3 · Ecology and Ecosystems Quiz

Note~636 words · 3 min

Plant Hormones and Tropisms Plants lack a nervous system but coordinate growth and development across the whole organism using a small set of mobile chemical signals — plant hormones — whose effects depend heavily on their relative concentr

Biology

Plant Hormones and Tropisms

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Plant Hormones and Tropisms

Flowchart9 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · Vaccine History and Herd Immunity · flowchart

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Biology · L3 · Vaccine History and Herd Immunity · flowchart

Flashcards10 cards

What is an ecological pyramid?1 / 10

A diagram that represents some quantity at each of an ecosystem's trophic levels as a stack of bars, usually widest at the producer level on the bottom and narrowing toward the top consumers. Ecologists draw three different kinds, depending on what quantity is being graphed: energy, biomass, or number of organisms.

Biology

Biology · L3 · The Three Types of Ecological Pyramids

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Biology · L3 · The Three Types of Ecological Pyramids

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Meet the Neuron · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · Meet the Neuron · flowchart

Quiz5 questions

Which of the three basic bacteria shapes is round, like a tiny ball?

ACoccusBBacillusCSpirillumDStreptomycete

Biology

Biology · L2 · Bacteria Shapes Quiz

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Biology · L2 · Bacteria Shapes Quiz

Flashcards10 cards

What is innate immunity?1 / 10

Innate immunity is the set of defenses you are born with. It responds the same way to any pathogen, acts within minutes to hours, and does not require prior exposure to the invader.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Innate Immunity

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Biology · L3 · Innate Immunity

Flashcards9 cards

Describe the stepwise assembly of the spliceosome (E, A, B, Bact, B*, C complexes) on a pre-mRNA intron.1 / 9

Biology

Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

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Biology · L5 · RNA Biology, Splicing, and Noncoding RNA

Quiz5 questions

Which of these best describes an ecosystem?

AAll the members of one species living in the same areaBAll the different populations living and interacting in an areaCA community of living organisms together with the nonliving parts of their environmentDThe specific place where one organism lives

Biology

Biology · L2 · Ecosystems and Habitats Quiz

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Biology · L2 · Ecosystems and Habitats Quiz

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