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Biology: explore STEM content (page 21 of 50) · openstem

All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Biology Biology groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Biology

Cells, genetics, ecology and physiology on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes, sketches and flowcharts shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

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Flashcards11 cards

Distinguish vicariance biogeography from dispersal biogeography as explanations for a disjunct species distribution.1 / 11

Vicariance explains a disjunct distribution (a group found on widely separated landmasses) as the result of a formerly continuous range being split by a later geological event, such as continental drift or the formation of a mountain range or seaway — the organisms did not need to cross the gap, because the gap did not exist when the ancestral population became distributed. Dispersal explains the same pattern by the ancestral organisms actively or passively crossing an already-existing barrier (rafting, wind, ocean currents, flight) to colonize a new area. Distinguishing the two often relies on comparing the timing of lineage divergence (from a molecular clock) against the known geological age of the barrier.

Biology

Biology · L4 · Patterns and Processes in Biogeography

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Biology · L4 · Patterns and Processes in Biogeography

Note~181 words · 1 min

How Animals Talk to Each Other Animals cannot talk using words like humans do, but they still need to share information — where food is, whether danger is close, or who is ready to be a mate. To do this, animals communicate using signals: s

Biology

Biology · L2 · How Animals Talk to Each Other

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Biology · L2 · How Animals Talk to Each Other

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · How Desert Animals Conserve Water Quiz · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · How Desert Animals Conserve Water Quiz · flowchart

Note~223 words · 1 min

Adaptations for Survival at a Glance An adaptation is any feature or behavior that helps a living thing survive in its environment. Physical adaptations are body features an animal is born with, such as fur, claws, or webbed feet. Behaviora

Biology

Biology · L2 · Adaptations for Survival at a Glance

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Biology · L2 · Adaptations for Survival at a Glance

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · How Antibodies Recognize Invaders · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · How Antibodies Recognize Invaders · flowchart

Flowchart11 objects

Biology

Biology · L5 · Bioinformatic Sequence Analysis · flowchart

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Biology · L5 · Bioinformatic Sequence Analysis · flowchart

Note~559 words · 3 min

Biogeography Biogeography asks why organisms are distributed across the globe as they are, and answers draw on both deep geological history — continents moving, seas rising and falling — and ongoing ecological processes of colonization and

Biology

Biogeography

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Biogeography

Flashcards10 cards

What are the ovaries, and what two products do they release?1 / 10

The ovaries are a pair of almond-shaped organs in the female pelvis that produce ova (egg cells) through oogenesis and secrete the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Reproductive Anatomy

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Biology · L3 · Reproductive Anatomy

Note~469 words · 2 min

Extremophiles: Life at the Edges Most organisms need a fairly narrow range of temperature, salinity, and pH to survive — conditions much like the ones humans are comfortable in. Extremophiles are the exception: organisms adapted to thrive i

Biology

Biology · L3 · Extremophiles: Life at the Edges

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Biology · L3 · Extremophiles: Life at the Edges

Flashcards10 cards

What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?1 / 10

BMR is the rate at which the body uses energy at complete rest to keep essential functions running — such as breathing, circulating blood, and maintaining body temperature — without any physical activity or digestion.

Biology

Biology · L3 · Metabolism, BMR, and BMI

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Biology · L3 · Metabolism, BMR, and BMI

Note~540 words · 3 min

Digestive Physiology Digestion breaks large, structurally complex macromolecules into small units simple enough to absorb, and does so through a tightly coordinated sequence: acid unfolds and begins digesting protein in the stomach, hormona

Biology

Digestive Physiology

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Digestive Physiology

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · Plant Defenses and Adaptations · flowchart

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Biology · L3 · Plant Defenses and Adaptations · flowchart

Collection4 items

01Biology · L4 · DNA Damage and Repair Pathways

02Biology · L4 · DNA Repair Mechanisms Quiz

03DNA Repair Mechanisms

+1 more

Biology

Biology · L4 · DNA Repair Mechanisms

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Biology · L4 · DNA Repair Mechanisms

Note~423 words · 2 min

The Other Plant Hormones Auxin isn't the only chemical messenger steering a plant's life. Four more hormones — gibberellins, ethylene, cytokinins, and abscisic acid — control everything from how tall a stem grows to how a plant survives a d

Biology

Biology · L3 · The Other Plant Hormones: Gibberellins, Ethylene, Cytokinins, and ABA

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Biology · L3 · The Other Plant Hormones: Gibberellins, Ethylene, Cytokinins, and ABA

Note~484 words · 2 min

Fungi: Decomposers, Partners, and Pathogens Fungi are a kingdom of organisms distinct from plants and animals. Instead of photosynthesizing like plants or ingesting food like animals, most fungi grow as a network of thread-like filaments ca

Biology

Biology · L3 · Fungi: Decomposers, Partners, and Pathogens

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Biology · L3 · Fungi: Decomposers, Partners, and Pathogens

Note~189 words · 1 min

How Desert Plants Store Water Deserts get very little rain, and what does fall often disappears fast — soaked into the ground, evaporated by the sun, or run off entirely. To survive, desert plants have evolved three main water-saving adapta

Biology

Biology · L2 · How Desert Plants Store Water at a Glance

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Biology · L2 · How Desert Plants Store Water at a Glance

Flowchart7 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Plant Propagation Without Seeds Quiz · flowchart

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Biology · L2 · Plant Propagation Without Seeds Quiz · flowchart

Flashcards10 cards

What is a food chain?1 / 10

A food chain shows who eats who to get energy.

Biology

Biology · L1 · An Ocean Food Chain

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Biology · L1 · An Ocean Food Chain

Plot1 plot · 2 params

Biology

Biology · L3 · Enzyme Kinetics (Michaelis–Menten)

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Biology · L3 · Enzyme Kinetics (Michaelis–Menten)

Quiz5 questions

Which of the following is a feature of innate immunity, but not adaptive immunity?

AIt responds the same way to any pathogen, without needing prior exposureBIt produces antibodies specific to one antigenCIt creates memory cells that persist for yearsDIt becomes faster and stronger after a second exposure

Biology

Biology · L3 · The Immune System Quiz

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Biology · L3 · The Immune System Quiz

Note~601 words · 3 min

Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation Every cell in a multicellular organism carries essentially the same genome, yet expresses a distinct subset of genes at distinct levels — the entire logic of development and cell identity rests on trans

Biology

Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation

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Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation

Flashcards10 cards

How many legs does an insect have?1 / 10

An insect has 6 legs.

Biology

Biology · L1 · Insects: Legs and Parts

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Biology · L1 · Insects: Legs and Parts

Flashcards10 cards

What does the pancreas do in the endocrine system?1 / 10

The pancreas releases the hormone insulin, which controls the level of sugar in the blood.

Biology

Biology · L2 · Key Glands and Their Jobs

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Biology · L2 · Key Glands and Their Jobs

Collection5 items

01Biology · L2 · How Long Do Animals Live?

02Biology · L2 · Why Do Lifespans Vary So Much?

03Biology · L2 · Animal Lifespans Quiz

+2 more

Biology

Biology · L2 · Animal Lifespans

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Biology · L2 · Animal Lifespans

Flowchart20 objects

Biology

Biology · L3 · Double Circulation

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Biology · L3 · Double Circulation

Note~333 words · 2 min

Day and Night Animals Some animals are awake in the day. Some animals are awake at night. Each animal has its own special time to be active. Diurnal Animals Animals that are awake during the day are called diurnal. Squirrels, most birds, an

Biology

Biology · L1 · Day and Night Animals

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Biology · L1 · Day and Night Animals

Note~403 words · 2 min

Your Five Senses: How Your Body Notices the World Your body has five sense organs. Each one notices something different about the world around you, and each one sends a message to your brain. Your Eyes Your eyes catch light. Light enters th

Biology

Biology · L1 · Your Five Senses: How Your Body Notices the World

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Biology · L1 · Your Five Senses: How Your Body Notices the World

Flashcards9 cards

What does "lifespan" mean?1 / 9

Lifespan is the total length of time a living thing survives, from the moment it is born (or hatches) until it dies. It is different from how long an animal takes to grow up — lifespan covers its whole life.

Biology

Biology · L2 · How Long Do Animals Live?

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Biology · L2 · How Long Do Animals Live?

Flowchart11 objects

Biology

Biology · L1 · How Insects and Small Creatures Survive Winter · flowchart

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Biology · L1 · How Insects and Small Creatures Survive Winter · flowchart

Flowchart15 objects

Biology

Biology · L2 · Three Ways to Make a Vaccine

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Biology · L2 · Three Ways to Make a Vaccine

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