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Astronomy: explore STEM content (page 16 of 26) · openstem

All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Astronomy Astronomy groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Astronomy

Stars, orbits, cosmology and observation on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and plots shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

Content Groups1

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Note~401 words · 2 min

Supernova classification: light curves and spectral types Supernovae are classified observationally, by spectrum and light-curve shape, using a scheme that predates a full understanding of the underlying physics. As a result, the classifica

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · Supernova Classification: Light Curves & Spectral Types

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Astronomy · L4 · Supernova Classification: Light Curves & Spectral Types

Quiz5 questions

What are the three main galaxy shapes in the Hubble sequence?

ASpiral, elliptical, and irregularBSmall, medium, and largeCRed, blue, and yellowDNear, far, and distant

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Galaxy Types & the Milky Way

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Astronomy · L3 · Galaxy Types & the Milky Way

Flashcards7 cards

What is stellar parallax?1 / 7

The tiny apparent shift in a nearby star's position against distant background stars, seen from two different points in Earth's orbit around the Sun (typically six months apart).

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

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Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

Flashcards8 cards

What is the name of NASA's current program to send humans back to the Moon?1 / 8

The Artemis program.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Artemis: Returning to the Moon

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Astronomy · L1 · Artemis: Returning to the Moon

Note~296 words · 1 min

Two Kinds of Shadow Any object blocking a light source casts a shadow with two distinct parts: an umbra, the fully dark region where the light source is completely blocked, and a penumbra, the surrounding region where the light source is on

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Eclipse Mechanics: Umbra, Penumbra, and Types

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Astronomy · L2 · Eclipse Mechanics: Umbra, Penumbra, and Types

Quiz6 questions

Where do stars form?

AInside planetsBInside giant clouds of gas and dust called nebulaeCAt the edges of black holesDInside other stars

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · The Life Cycle of Stars Quiz

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Astronomy · L2 · The Life Cycle of Stars Quiz

Flashcards7 cards

Why do astronomers put some telescopes in space instead of just building bigger ones on Earth?1 / 7

Earth's atmosphere blurs starlight and blocks many wavelengths, so a telescope above it gets a clearer, more complete view.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Space Telescopes

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Astronomy · L2 · Space Telescopes

Plot1 plot · 1 param

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Hubble's Law: Recession Velocity vs Distance

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Astronomy · L3 · Hubble's Law: Recession Velocity vs Distance

Flowchart7 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Why Earth Is Special · flowchart

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Astronomy · L1 · Why Earth Is Special · flowchart

Flowchart15 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · From incoming sunlight to surface temperature: the energy-balance pathway

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Astronomy · L4 · From incoming sunlight to surface temperature: the energy-balance pathway

Flashcards8 cards

Outline the timeline from recombination to the completion of reionization.1 / 8

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · The Epoch of Reionization

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Astronomy · L5 · The Epoch of Reionization

Collection3 items

01Astronomy · L1 · Astronomers Who Changed How We See the Sky

02Astronomy · L1 · Astronomers Who Changed How We See the Sky

03Astronomy · L1 · Astronomers Who Changed How We See the Sky Quiz

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Astronomers Who Changed How We See the Sky

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Astronomy · L1 · Astronomers Who Changed How We See the Sky

Note~269 words · 1 min

From Impact to Crater When an asteroid strikes a planet's surface at tens of kilometres per second, its enormous kinetic energy, is dumped into the ground almost instantaneously, driving crater formation through three distinct stages. The C

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Asteroid Impacts & Craters

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Astronomy · L3 · Asteroid Impacts & Craters

Quiz4 questions

What is Artemis?

ANASA's program to return humans to the MoonBA robotic rover on MarsCA telescope orbiting EarthDThe name of the first Moon landing in 1969

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Artemis: Returning to the Moon Quiz

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Astronomy · L1 · Artemis: Returning to the Moon Quiz

Quiz5 questions

What holds up a neutron star against further gravitational collapse?

AOrdinary gas pressure from heatBNeutron degeneracy pressure, a quantum-mechanical effectCMagnetic repulsionDNothing — neutron stars are still collapsing

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Black Holes & Neutron Stars

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Astronomy · L3 · Black Holes & Neutron Stars

Quiz5 questions

What does it mean for a planet to be in its star's habitable zone?

AThe planet definitely has life on itBThe planet's orbital distance would allow liquid water to exist on its surface, given the right conditionsCThe planet is the same size as EarthDThe star is the same type as the Sun

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Habitable Zones & the Search for Life

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Astronomy · L3 · Habitable Zones & the Search for Life

Note~305 words · 2 min

The Tidal Radius and the Hills Mass A star is tidally disrupted once its pericenter distance falls inside the tidal radius, where the black hole's differential gravity across the star overwhelms the star's self-gravity: Because r_t grows on

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Tidal Disruption Events: From Stellar Shredding to Observed Flares

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Astronomy · L5 · Tidal Disruption Events: From Stellar Shredding to Observed Flares

Note~187 words · 1 min

Pictures Made of Stars On a clear night, the sky is full of stars. For thousands of years, people have connected some of those stars into imaginary pictures called constellations — animals, heroes, and objects from their stories. The stars

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Stars and Constellations

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Astronomy · L1 · Stars and Constellations

Flashcards9 cards

State the diffraction-limited angular resolution of a single dish, and explain why this is a much harder problem for radio telescopes than optical ones.1 / 9

The diffraction limit is θ ≈ 1.22λ/D, where λ is the observing wavelength and D is the dish diameter. Radio wavelengths (millimetres to metres) are 10⁴–10⁷ times longer than optical wavelengths (hundreds of nanometres), so for the SAME angular resolution, a radio telescope needs a correspondingly larger diameter than an optical one — reaching optical-telescope-like resolution with a single radio dish would require an impractically enormous structure.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · Radio Astronomy: Single Dishes, Interferometry & the EHT

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Astronomy · L4 · Radio Astronomy: Single Dishes, Interferometry & the EHT

Flashcards8 cards

What does a star's spectral type (O, B, A, F, G, K, or M) actually measure?1 / 8

Surface temperature — O stars are the hottest (over 30,000 K) and M stars are the coolest (under 3,700 K). The letters run hottest to coolest.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Stellar Classification

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Astronomy · L3 · Stellar Classification

Note~304 words · 2 min

Two Puzzles in Standard Big Bang Cosmology Extrapolating the FLRW/Friedmann description of the universe back toward the Big Bang, without any exotic early-universe physics, leaves two well-posed puzzles that are not contradictions but natur

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Cosmic Inflation: Solving the Horizon and Flatness Problems

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Astronomy · L5 · Cosmic Inflation: Solving the Horizon and Flatness Problems

Flowchart11 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Navigating the Night Sky · flowchart

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Astronomy · L2 · Navigating the Night Sky · flowchart

Note~376 words · 2 min

What Is Light Pollution? Light pollution is excessive or misdirected artificial light that brightens the night sky far beyond its natural darkness. It comes from streetlights, buildings, signs, and homes — especially fixtures that send ligh

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Light Pollution and Dark Skies

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Astronomy · L2 · Light Pollution and Dark Skies

Collection4 items

01Astronomy · L1 · Neptune and Uranus, the Ice Giants

02Astronomy · L1 · Neptune and Uranus, the Ice Giants

03Astronomy · L1 · What Makes Uranus and Neptune 'Ice Giants'

+1 more

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Neptune and Uranus, the Ice Giants

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Astronomy · L1 · Neptune and Uranus, the Ice Giants

Flowchart9 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Finding Stars & Planets in the Sky · flowchart

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Astronomy · L1 · Finding Stars & Planets in the Sky · flowchart

Flowchart13 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · The Hubble Classification of Galaxies

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Astronomy · L3 · The Hubble Classification of Galaxies

Flashcards8 cards

If gravity is always pulling planets toward the Sun, why don't they fall in?1 / 8

Planets are also moving sideways very fast. Gravity constantly bends that sideways motion into a curve, but the planet keeps moving forward fast enough to 'miss' the Sun over and over — that continuous falling-and-missing is an orbit.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Gravity and Orbital Motion

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Astronomy · L2 · Gravity and Orbital Motion

Quiz5 questions

What does it mean to say 'space itself is expanding,' as opposed to 'galaxies are moving through a fixed space'?

AGalaxies are physically flying apart at high speed under their own enginesBThe space between galaxies is stretching, carrying them apart much like dots on an inflating balloonCNothing is actually moving; it is an optical illusionDGalaxies are falling into a central point

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · The Big Bang & Cosmology

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Astronomy · L3 · The Big Bang & Cosmology

Flowchart17 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · Choosing an orbital-energy regime from vis-viva

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Astronomy · L4 · Choosing an orbital-energy regime from vis-viva

Note~476 words · 2 min

The Highest-Energy Particles Known Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) — almost always protons or atomic nuclei — carry energies above roughly 10^18-10^19 eV, with the most extreme detected events exceeding 10^20 eV concentrated into a s

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays & the GZK Cutoff

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Astronomy · L5 · Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays & the GZK Cutoff

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