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Astronomy: explore STEM content (page 14 of 26) · openstem

All fields Software Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Engineering Astronomy Environmental Other Astronomy Astronomy groups

Explore STEM Content

Search the community's STEM library — free to study, yours to make your own.

Astronomy

Stars, orbits, cosmology and observation on openstem — flashcards, notes, quizzes and plots shared by the community. Study free, or clone anything into your library.

Content Groups1

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Flashcards8 cards

What is an aurora?1 / 8

A colorful, moving glow of light in the night sky, usually seen close to the North or South Pole.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Northern Lights (Auroras)

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Astronomy · L1 · Northern Lights (Auroras)

Flowchart11 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · The Asteroid Belt and Kuiper Belt · flowchart

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Astronomy · L2 · The Asteroid Belt and Kuiper Belt · flowchart

Flowchart11 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Celestial Coordinates & Precession · flowchart

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Astronomy · L3 · Celestial Coordinates & Precession · flowchart

Plot2 plots

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Elliptical Orbit

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Astronomy · L3 · Elliptical Orbit

Note~337 words · 2 min

From Cloud Core to Spinning Disk The nebular hypothesis explains the Sun and planets as a single collapsing rotating cloud of gas and dust — a fragment of a larger molecular cloud, disturbed into collapse perhaps by a nearby supernova shock

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Solar System Formation: The Nebular Hypothesis

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Astronomy · L3 · Solar System Formation: The Nebular Hypothesis

Quiz4 questions

The equation of hydrostatic equilibrium, dP/dr = −Gm(r)ρ(r)/r², describes a balance between:

ANuclear fusion rate and neutrino emissionBThe outward push of the pressure gradient and the inward pull of gravityCMagnetic pressure and radiation pressureDRotation and tidal forces

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · Stellar Structure Equations — 4 Q

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Astronomy · L4 · Stellar Structure Equations — 4 Q

Flashcards7 cards

What is a black hole?1 / 7

A place in space where gravity is so strong that nothing — not even light — can escape it.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Black Holes

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Astronomy · L1 · Black Holes

Flowchart13 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · Blackbody radiation: Stefan-Boltzmann, Wien's law, and stellar L-R-T · flowchart

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Astronomy · L4 · Blackbody radiation: Stefan-Boltzmann, Wien's law, and stellar L-R-T · flowchart

Collection4 items

01Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

02Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

03Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

+1 more

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

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Astronomy · L3 · The Cosmic Distance Ladder

Quiz5 questions

If the distance between two masses triples, what happens to the gravitational force between them?

AIt triplesBIt drops to a thirdCIt drops to a ninthDIt stays the same

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Newtonian Gravitation

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Astronomy · L3 · Newtonian Gravitation

Flashcards8 cards

What was Sputnik 1, and why did it matter?1 / 8

The first artificial satellite, launched by the Soviet Union in October 1957. It shocked the world and kicked off the Space Race between the USSR and the United States.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · The Space Race

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Astronomy · L2 · The Space Race

Note~334 words · 2 min

A 1,400-Year-Old Idea For most of recorded history, people believed Earth sat motionless at the center of the universe, with everything else — the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars — circling around it. This geocentric ('Earth-centered') model,

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · The Copernican Revolution

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Astronomy · L2 · The Copernican Revolution

Quiz4 questions

What powers the optical/infrared light of a kilonova?

AOngoing nuclear fusion in the ejected materialBRadioactive decay of freshly synthesised, very neutron-rich heavy nucleiCReflected light from the merger's gravitational-wave burstDSynchrotron emission from the relativistic jet alone

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Compact Object Mergers and r-Process Nucleosynthesis

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Astronomy · L5 · Compact Object Mergers and r-Process Nucleosynthesis

Collection4 items

01Astronomy · L1 · Humans on the Moon

02Astronomy · L1 · Humans on the Moon

03Astronomy · L1 · The Apollo 11 Mission

+1 more

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · Humans on the Moon

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Astronomy · L1 · Humans on the Moon

Flowchart16 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · The GW170817 Multi-Messenger Detection Timeline

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Astronomy · L5 · The GW170817 Multi-Messenger Detection Timeline

Collection4 items

01Astronomy · L2 · Star Clusters

02Astronomy · L2 · Star Clusters

03Astronomy · L2 · How Star Clusters Form and Change Over Time

+1 more

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Star Clusters

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Astronomy · L2 · Star Clusters

Flashcards6 cards

What is the solar system?1 / 6

The solar system is the Sun and everything that orbits it — eight planets, their moons, asteroids, and comets. An orbit is the path an object takes as it travels around the Sun.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · The Solar System

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Astronomy · L2 · The Solar System

Flashcards8 cards

What is the International Space Station (ISS)?1 / 8

A giant spacecraft that orbits Earth, where astronauts live and work for months at a time.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · The Space Station

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Astronomy · L1 · The Space Station

Note~238 words · 1 min

A Natural Experiment in the Sky Individual stars are hard to date directly. Star clusters solve this problem: every star in a cluster formed from the same collapsing cloud, at essentially the same moment, with nearly the same starting compo

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Star Clusters & Stellar Populations

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Astronomy · L3 · Star Clusters & Stellar Populations

Note~296 words · 1 min

Finding Planets We Cannot See Directly Exoplanets are enormously faint compared to their host stars, so astronomers have developed several indirect (and a few direct) ways to detect them, each with its own strengths and blind spots. Transit

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Exoplanet Detection

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Astronomy · L3 · Exoplanet Detection

Flowchart9 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Comets, Asteroids, and Meteoroids · flowchart

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Astronomy · L2 · Comets, Asteroids, and Meteoroids · flowchart

Note~148 words · 1 min

Our Sky Look up on a clear night and you will see the Moon and thousands of stars. During the day, the sky is lit up by one very important star — our Sun. On some nights the Moon looks like a full circle. On other nights it looks like a thi

Astronomy

Astronomy · L1 · The Sun, Moon, and Stars

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Astronomy · L1 · The Sun, Moon, and Stars

Quiz5 questions

What did the ~1.7 second delay between the GW170817 signal and GRB 170817A constrain?

AThe mass of the merging neutron starsBThe difference between the speed of gravity and the speed of light, to a precision of about 1 part in 10^15-10^16CThe distance to the host galaxy NGC 4993DThe total energy radiated in gravitational waves

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Multi-Messenger Astronomy

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Astronomy · L5 · Multi-Messenger Astronomy

Flashcards5 cards

How does the transit method detect exoplanets?1 / 5

When a planet passes in front of (transits) its host star, it blocks a small fraction of the star's light. The fractional dip in flux is:

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Exoplanet Detection: Transit and Radial-Velocity Methods

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Astronomy · L5 · Exoplanet Detection: Transit and Radial-Velocity Methods

Flowchart13 objects

Astronomy

Astronomy · L2 · Eclipse Mechanics: Umbra, Penumbra, and Types · flowchart

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Astronomy · L2 · Eclipse Mechanics: Umbra, Penumbra, and Types · flowchart

Note~226 words · 1 min

Three Laws, One Elegant Pattern Before Newton explained why planets orbit the way they do, Johannes Kepler worked out, from decades of observational data, exactly how they move. His three laws, published in the early 1600s, still describe o

Astronomy

Astronomy · L3 · Kepler's Laws & Orbital Mechanics

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Astronomy · L3 · Kepler's Laws & Orbital Mechanics

Collection4 items

01Astronomy · L5 · Pulsar Timing Arrays

02Astronomy · L5 · Pulsar Timing Arrays and the Nanohertz Gravitational-Wave Background

03Astronomy · L5 · From Millisecond Pulsar Timing to the Nanohertz Gravitational-Wave Background

+1 more

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Pulsar Timing Arrays

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Astronomy · L5 · Pulsar Timing Arrays

Flashcards8 cards

Set up the energy balance that defines a planet's equilibrium temperature.1 / 8

At equilibrium, the power a planet absorbs from its star equals the power it radiates away as a blackbody. Absorbed power is the intercepted stellar flux times the planet's cross-sectional area times (1 − A) (A = albedo, the reflected fraction): P_abs = (1−A)·S·πR². Emitted power, radiating from the whole spherical surface, is P_emit = 4πR²σT⁴. Setting these equal and cancelling πR² gives the equilibrium temperature.

Astronomy

Astronomy · L4 · Comparative Planetary Atmospheres & Energy-Balance Climate

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Astronomy · L4 · Comparative Planetary Atmospheres & Energy-Balance Climate

Flashcards4 cards

Write the FLRW line element and identify each component.1 / 4

The Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric for a homogeneous, isotropic universe is:

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · FLRW Cosmology & Friedmann Dynamics

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Astronomy · L5 · FLRW Cosmology & Friedmann Dynamics

Quiz7 questions

What is an ultra-high-energy cosmic ray?

AA photon emitted by a very distant quasarBA cosmic ray particle, usually a proton or nucleus, with energy above roughly 10^18-10^19 eVCA neutrino produced during the Big BangDAny particle detected by a ground-based telescope

Astronomy

Astronomy · L5 · Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays & the GZK Cutoff

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Astronomy · L5 · Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays & the GZK Cutoff

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