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Chemistry · L4 · Osmosis vs Reverse Osmosis

Natural osmotic flow moves water toward the higher-solute side; reverse osmosis applies external pressure greater than π to force water the other way, purifying it.

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Pure waterlow-solute sideSalt solutionhigh-solute sideSemipermeable membranepasses water, blocks soluteOsmosis: water flowspure to salty (natural)until π is reachedApply external pressureP > π to salty sideReverse osmosis: water forcedsalty to pure (against nature)Purified watercollectednatural flowindustrial process

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