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Chemistry · L5 · Green solvent selection cascade

A decision cascade for choosing a greener reaction medium — solvent-free/mechanochemical, water, or supercritical CO2 — before falling back to a traditional organic solvent, since solvents often dominate a process's E-factor.

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Reaction needs a mediumCan the reaction runsolvent-free (mechanochemical)?Ball milling / grindingno solvent waste at allAre reagentswater-compatible?Water as solventcheap, non-toxic, non-flammableCan the reaction toleratemild pressure and temperature?Supercritical CO2tunable, easy recovery by venting,CO2 recompressed and reusedTraditional organic solventminimize volume, recover and recycleto cut its share of the E-factorYesNoYesNoYesNo

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