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Chemistry · L5 · Jablonski Diagram: Photophysical Decay Pathways

Absorption into an excited singlet, fast internal conversion down to S1 (Kasha's rule), then the branch between fast spin-allowed fluorescence and the slow, spin-forbidden intersystem-crossing → phosphorescence route.

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Ground state S0Excited state SnLowest excited singlet S1Photon emitted: fluorescenceHeat released, no photonTriplet state T1Photon emitted: phosphorescenceAbsorb photon: hvInternal conversion: fastFluorescence: ns, same spinInternal conversion: heat, no photonIntersystem crossing: spin flipPhosphorescence: ms to hours, spin flipNon-radiative decay: heat

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